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Comparing 7 PPP/PFI Methods: How to Choose Between Park-PFI, Small Concession, and Designated Management [2026 Edition]
…vate Private BTO Public (in service-purchase model) Private Private BOT/RO Mixed Private Private Park-PFI Private Private Private Small Concession Method-dependent Method-dependent Method-de…
A Guide for Private Operators on Small Concession — How to Enter the Public Space Business [2026 Edition]
…ss plan 30–40% Facility use concept, revenue model, feasibility, risk management Community contribution 15–25% Local employment, economic spillover to the region, resident participation, dis…
Nagaoka City Kosodatenoeki Senshu — Japan's First Park-Integrated Childcare Support Model and Sustainable Operations
…rch 2009, it presented a new public facility model combining freely accessible park spaces with a childcare consultation and exchange hub staffed by resident nursery professionals. Item Deta…
Kaiseizan Park Park-PFI — The Design Philosophy Behind a 500-Point Scoring Rubric and a 19-Year Revenue Model
…hase sounding structure, the 19-year revenue model, and the 5-company JV consortium, providing a reference point for municipalities designing their own evaluation frameworks. Item Detail Loc…
Subsidies and Support Programs for Small Concessions — A Complete Guide [2026 Edition]
…tivate the facility," what is evaluated is a logical chain: "This community challenge (described specifically) will be addressed by activating this facility (described specifically) using th…
Market Sounding for PPP: 8-Item Question Template and Step-by-Step Guide
…e public tender evaluation (out of 500). The logic behind this incentive design: early physical engagement with the facility — not just reading the specifications — translates directly into …
47 Former School Reuse Cases — Success Patterns and Failure Factors from Ministry of Education Data [2026 Edition]
…n publicly subsidized and privately operated models. For corporate training facilities, proximity to urban centers is a critical precondition. Change-of-use procedure : When a building's use…
Institutional Framework for Welfare Facilities under Park-PFI — Organizing the Issues Around Inclusive Park Complex Models
…facilities. It does not endorse any specific model, operator, or municipality. For actual implementation, consultation with the competent authority and specialists on a case-by-case basis is…
5 Park-PFI Success Cases — From Large Urban Parks to Cities of 23,000 Residents [2026 Edition]
…le. The significance of the local investment model : With Kadaru Mirai, a locally funded townscape company, at the core of the SPC, revenues circulate within the community. When external cap…
The Toyoake Model — How a Population-70,000 City Masters the Priority Review Procedure (The "Private Sector Utilization Projects" Naming Strategy)
Why the Toyoake Model Attracts Attention > Unit costs and amounts in financial examples without a cited source are illustrative assumptions , not statistically established market rates. Use …
READING GUIDE
Choose a starting point.
Follow a short route through the basics, examples and practical steps. Community groups, researchers and students are welcome.
ROUTE 01
For municipal planning
Start with the basics, then move through cases, process and dialogue design.
- What Is Public Facility Management? Challenges, Concepts, and Next Steps
- Sapporo Yurigahara Park Park-PFI LiLiLi — Sapporo's First Case, Community-Led SPV Park Operation
- The Complete Park-PFI Process — A Four-Year Roadmap from Concept to Opening [2026 Edition]
- Market Sounding for PPP: 8-Item Question Template and Step-by-Step Guide
ROUTE 02
For prospective operators
Understand the system, test viability and prepare a proposal.
- What Is a Small Concession? A Complete Guide for Local Government Officials [2026 Edition]
- Higashi Yuenchi URBAN PICNIC — Kobe Sannomiya Redevelopment and Park-PFI After 8 Years of Citizen-Led Social Experiments
- How to Build a Park-PFI Revenue Plan — With Simulation Template [2026 Edition]
- How to Write a Park-PFI Proposal — Working Backward from the Scoring Criteria [2026 Edition]
ROUTE 03
Learn from setbacks
See how projects stall and which conditions to avoid.
- Abandoned School Reuse Failures — Why Repurposed Schools Become Idle Again: Structural Causes of Withdrawal and Business Collapse
- 5 Patterns of Park-PFI Project Failure — Structural Analysis of Contract Termination, Financial Deterioration, and Resident Opposition
- The Zero-Response Sounding Problem — 5 Reasons Private Operators Don't Participate and How to Fix It