JOURNAL
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Designated Manager Withdrawals: What the MIC Survey Counts, and the Four Options Open to a Municipality
…stment could enhance value. For urban parks, Park-PFI ; for other facilities, Small Concession transition warrants consideration. Condition Design to Prevent Zero Applicants The following im…
Kaiseizan Park Park-PFI — The Design Philosophy Behind a 500-Point Scoring Rubric and a 19-Year Revenue Model
Overview of Kaiseizan Park Among Park-PFI (Public Solicitation Management System) projects in Japan, the Kaiseizan Park project in Koriyama City, Fukushima Prefecture, stands out for the sop…
Risk Allocation Design in Public-Private Partnerships — Learning from Failures: 'Who Bears Which Risk'
… Risk Allocation in Public Asset Utilization Park-PFI Risk Allocation Park-PFI has smaller project scales than conventional PFI and a different risk structure. The following are Park-PFI-spe…
5 Patterns of Park-PFI Project Failure — Structural Analysis of Contract Termination, Financial Deterioration, and Resident Opposition
Current Status and Failure Risks of Park-PFI Park-PFI (Public Solicitation Management System) has been rapidly adopted since its establishment through the 2017 revision of the Urban Parks Ac…
Transforming Idle Public Real Estate from Liability to Asset — A Municipal Strategy Guide [2026 Edition]
…ouses, idle facilities The Relationship with Park-PFI For park facilities, a separate system exists under the Urban Park Act: Park-PFI (Public Offering System for Park Facility Installation …
Subsidies and Support Programs for Small Concessions — A Complete Guide [2026 Edition]
… plan. Park development (in combination with Park-PFI) : When combined with a Park-PFI project, the grants may be applicable to renovation or accessibility improvements to park facilities. T…
Market Sounding for PPP: 8-Item Question Template and Step-by-Step Guide
…sting. The Kaiseizan Park case featured in 5 Park-PFI Success Cases conducted a one-month trial sounding in October 2020, awarding participants 5 bonus points in the public tender evaluation…
5 Steps to Implementing Small Concession — From Concept to Operator Selection [2026 Edition]
…se. In the Kaiseizan Park case featured in 5 Park-PFI Success Cases, "cost reduction" was allocated only 70 points out of 500 (14%), with greater weight placed on the quality of the business…
Institutional Framework for Welfare Facilities under Park-PFI — Organizing the Issues Around Inclusive Park Complex Models
…f the institutional relationship between the Park-PFI system and the installation of welfare facilities. It does not endorse any specific model, operator, or municipality. For actual impleme…
The Complete Guide to LABV (Local Asset Backed Vehicle) — Proposing Public Asset Development Without Waiting for Park-PFI Public Calls Through Municipal Land-Contribution LLCs
…private Public call Airports, water/sewerage Park-PFI Single operator / SPC Park facilities within urban parks Public call Urban parks Designated Manager Operator / SPC Public facilities Pub…
How Local Companies Become PFI Lead Sponsors — Lessons from Yonago Joint Government Building and Date City School Lunch Center Companion-Model Success
… facility type and expected user fee income. Park-PFI may be an option for urban parks, and small concessions for idle facilities Responsible department and planning team 5 Choose a facility…
5 Park-PFI Success Cases — From Large Urban Parks to Cities of 23,000 Residents [2026 Edition]
Overview of 5 Cases Five successful cases of Park-PFI (Public Solicitation Management System) have been selected, ranging from large to small parks. These cases demonstrate that the common b…
READING GUIDE
Choose a starting point.
Follow a short route through the basics, examples and practical steps. Community groups, researchers and students are welcome.
ROUTE 01
For municipal planning
Start with the basics, then move through cases, process and dialogue design.
- What Is Public Facility Management? Challenges, Concepts, and Next Steps
- Sapporo Yurigahara Park Park-PFI LiLiLi — Sapporo's First Case, Community-Led SPV Park Operation
- The Complete Park-PFI Process — A Four-Year Roadmap from Concept to Opening [2026 Edition]
- Market Sounding for PPP: 8-Item Question Template and Step-by-Step Guide
ROUTE 02
For prospective operators
Understand the system, test viability and prepare a proposal.
- What Is a Small Concession? A Complete Guide for Local Government Officials [2026 Edition]
- Higashi Yuenchi URBAN PICNIC — Kobe Sannomiya Redevelopment and Park-PFI After 8 Years of Citizen-Led Social Experiments
- How to Build a Park-PFI Revenue Plan — With Simulation Template [2026 Edition]
- How to Write a Park-PFI Proposal — Working Backward from the Scoring Criteria [2026 Edition]
ROUTE 03
Learn from setbacks
See how projects stall and which conditions to avoid.
- Abandoned School Reuse Failures — Why Repurposed Schools Become Idle Again: Structural Causes of Withdrawal and Business Collapse
- 5 Patterns of Park-PFI Project Failure — Structural Analysis of Contract Termination, Financial Deterioration, and Resident Opposition
- The Zero-Response Sounding Problem — 5 Reasons Private Operators Don't Participate and How to Fix It