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The Complete Guide to Water PPP — The FY2027 Grant Requirement and the Level 3.5 Transition
…n method (Level 4) and integrated management of upkeep and renewal (Level 3.5). Since FY2025 the national government has called it Mizu no Kanmin Renkei (public-private partnership for water…
Selecting PPP Methods by Fiscal Capacity Index — Optimal Solutions Across Five Tiers from 0.3 to Beyond 1.0
… Fiscal Capacity Index is the 3-year average of standard fiscal revenue divided by standard fiscal demand, serving as the fundamental measure of a local government's financial strength. Muni…
Fisheries Port Act Amendment 2024 — How the Fishery Port Facility Utilization System Is Transforming Harbors Through Kaigyo × PPP
…class 3 and 99 class 4 . However, structural changes in the fishing industry and declining fisher populations have left many port facilities underutilized. Under the former Fisheries Port an…
7 Small Concession Case Studies — Municipal Approaches to Revitalizing Idle Public Assets [2026 Edition]
Overview of the FY2026 Small Concession Formation Promotion Project The Small Concession Formation Promotion Project is a program in which the national government dispatches selected special…
How to Reuse a Closed School: Survey Counts, MEXT's List of Closed Schools Seeking Uses, the Property Disposal Procedure, and National Subsidies
Municipal staff considering how to use a closed school (boards of education, asset management, public facility management). You can check the survey counts, listing a school on MEXT's list, …
Park-PFI Implementation Guide — What 203 Parks Reveal About the Steps Municipalities Should Actually Take [2026 Edition]
… not statistically established market rates. Use estimates and comparable records appropriate to the target facility, location and business when preparing a project plan. Distinguish these a…
What Are Small Concessions? — Turning Small-Scale Public Facilities into Private Projects, and How Municipalities and Operators Should Move [2026 Edition]
Municipal officials (public facility management, asset management, planning): you want to activate small-scale public buildings (closed schools, former town offices, idle properties) but con…
What Is Public Facility Management? Challenges, Concepts, and Next Steps
…, utilizing, and restructuring the portfolio of facilities owned by local governments — including municipal offices, schools, community centers, gymnasiums, and parks. Unlike routine mainten…
How to Repurpose an Abandoned School — A Complete Step-by-Step Guide from Site Selection to Proposal [2026 Edition]
…ion keeps adding to Japan's cumulative count of closed school buildings. According to MEXT data, the cumulative total of closed schools from FY2004 through FY2023 reached 8,850 schools . MEX…
What Is Park-PFI? How Japan's Public Park PPP System Works, with Case Studies
…gh 5-9). The core concept is the integration of revenue and improvement . Operators of revenue-generating facilities (solicited park facilities) — such as cafes, restaurants, and shops — are…
READING GUIDE
Choose a starting point.
Follow a short route through the basics, examples and practical steps. Community groups, researchers and students are welcome.
ROUTE 01
For municipal planning
Start with the basics, then move through cases, process and dialogue design.
- What Is Public Facility Management? Challenges, Concepts, and Next Steps
- Sapporo Yurigahara Park Park-PFI LiLiLi — Sapporo's First Case, Community-Led SPV Park Operation
- The Complete Park-PFI Process — A Four-Year Roadmap from Concept to Opening [2026 Edition]
- Market Sounding for PPP: 8-Item Question Template and Step-by-Step Guide
ROUTE 02
For prospective operators
Understand the system, test viability and prepare a proposal.
- What Is a Small Concession? A Complete Guide for Local Government Officials [2026 Edition]
- Higashi Yuenchi URBAN PICNIC — Kobe Sannomiya Redevelopment and Park-PFI After 8 Years of Citizen-Led Social Experiments
- How to Build a Park-PFI Revenue Plan — With Simulation Template [2026 Edition]
- How to Write a Park-PFI Proposal — Working Backward from the Scoring Criteria [2026 Edition]
ROUTE 03
Learn from setbacks
See how projects stall and which conditions to avoid.
- Abandoned School Reuse Failures — Why Repurposed Schools Become Idle Again: Structural Causes of Withdrawal and Business Collapse
- 5 Patterns of Park-PFI Project Failure — Structural Analysis of Contract Termination, Financial Deterioration, and Resident Opposition
- The Zero-Response Sounding Problem — 5 Reasons Private Operators Don't Participate and How to Fix It