JOURNAL
Look up public asset reuse.
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A Guide to Opening a Park Cafe or Restaurant — How to Start a Food Business Using Park-PFI
…blic Recruitment Installation and Management System) was established through a 2017 amendment to the Urban Park Act. It allows private operators to install and manage revenue-generating faci…
Closed Schools × Childcare (Nurseries & After-School): Floor-Area Standards, Grant Shares, and Cases from Mihara, Saikai and Yokkaichi
…lity in the ordinances of the prefecture (or designated city) and municipality where it stands. On change of use, when a building's use is changed so that it becomes a special building for a…
Closed Schools × Tourism & Lodging: Inn Permits, Zoning and Fire Rules, Farm-Stay Grants, and Six Cases from the MEXT Casebook
…refectural governor means the mayor within a designated city or core city. If you plan lodging, ask the development permission office whether permission is needed and what the criteria are. …
Small Concession Financing — What Municipalities Paid in the Handbook's Cases, the Caps on the Two Study-Cost Subsidies, and the Interest Subsidy Rate and Term
…ject (空き家対策総合支援事業); Auberge Auf (オーベルジュ オーフ, designated manager) shows facility renovation of about ¥550 million and design consignment of about ¥31 million, with about ¥265 million from the…
Abandoned School Welfare Facility Conversion and Community Meetings — How to Address NIMBY Issues [2026 Edition]
…g the ground floor of the school building as designated manager, and in June 2019 a trial event of about two weeks tested the building as a community hub with co-working space, confirming a …
After-School Day Services × Closed Schools: Fee Units, Facility and Staffing Standards, Designation Requirements and Building Checks [2026 Edition]
…is this article's own. 1. Whether you can be designated. Only legal entities can be designated, and the prefecture may refuse designation when the volume in its welfare plan for children wit…
Three Ways to Solve Urban Park Aging with Private-Sector Involvement [2026 Edition]
… 1: Park-PFI (Public Solicitation Management System) Park-PFI is a system established under the Urban Park Act (amended in 2017) in which private operators are permitted to install revenue-g…
Park-PFI in Kanagawa Prefecture — Cases from Yokohama, Yokosuka, and Manazuru [2026 Edition]
… a layered landscape of parks managed by two designated cities (Yokohama and Kawasaki), one core city (Sagamihara), and individual municipalities. In terms of population, the prefecture span…
Park-PFI in 2026: 203-Park Statistics, New Cases, and Policy Outlook
…Park-PFI (the Public Solicitation Management System) has been implemented in 203 parks nationwide as of March 2026. Approximately eight years have passed since the Urban Park Act was amended…
Park-PFI and the Municipal Assembly — When Ordinance Revision Is Required and How to Explain It [2026 Edition]
…Park-PFI (the Public Solicitation Management System) involves assembly participation at multiple stages. One of the most common oversights among staff is failing to clarify "when and what ty…
Park-PFI vs. the Designated Manager System: Which Should You Choose? [2026 Edition]
…Park-PFI (the Public Solicitation Management System) and the designated manager system . Despite the surface-level similarity of "involving private parties in parks," these two systems diffe…
Small Concessions vs. Park-PFI: Which Should You Choose? [2026 Edition]
…verage up to 12% Improvement obligation None Designated park facility improvements mandatory (condition for 20-year permit) Supervising ministry MLIT (Real Estate and Construction Economy Bu…
READING GUIDE
Choose a starting point.
Follow a short route through the basics, examples and practical steps. Community groups, researchers and students are welcome.
ROUTE 01
For municipal planning
Start with the basics, then move through cases, process and dialogue design.
- What Is Public Facility Management? Challenges, Concepts, and Next Steps
- Sapporo Yurigahara Park Park-PFI LiLiLi — Sapporo's First Case, Community-Led SPV Park Operation
- The Complete Park-PFI Process — A Four-Year Roadmap from Concept to Opening [2026 Edition]
- Market Sounding for PPP: 8-Item Question Template and Step-by-Step Guide
ROUTE 02
For prospective operators
Understand the system, test viability and prepare a proposal.
- What Is a Small Concession? A Complete Guide for Local Government Officials [2026 Edition]
- Higashi Yuenchi URBAN PICNIC — Kobe Sannomiya Redevelopment and Park-PFI After 8 Years of Citizen-Led Social Experiments
- How to Build a Park-PFI Revenue Plan — With Simulation Template [2026 Edition]
- How to Write a Park-PFI Proposal — Working Backward from the Scoring Criteria [2026 Edition]
ROUTE 03
Learn from setbacks
See how projects stall and which conditions to avoid.
- Abandoned School Reuse Failures — Why Repurposed Schools Become Idle Again: Structural Causes of Withdrawal and Business Collapse
- 5 Patterns of Park-PFI Project Failure — Structural Analysis of Contract Termination, Financial Deterioration, and Resident Opposition
- The Zero-Response Sounding Problem — 5 Reasons Private Operators Don't Participate and How to Fix It