JOURNAL
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Park-PFI in 2025: Reviewing the Year's Awards and Regional Application Patterns
…ing around it. Connecting Park-PFI and Small Concession When regional cities consider public asset utilization, the use-case separation between Park-PFI and Small Concession becomes unavoida…
MLIT's Small Concession Guidebook Explained — Three Walls, VFM Exemption, and Contract Risks [May 2026 Release]
…ve Promotion Office jointly published 'Small Concession Recommendations — A Handbook for Utilizing Idle Public Facilities' on May 25, 2026 (Reiwa 8) . The 40-page main text is available for …
Water PPP After the Osaka Expo — Two 'First-in-Japan' Cases, Wide-Area Consolidation, and the 2027 Deadline Municipalities Now Face
… practice, compares the cases with the early concessions in Hamamatsu and Miyagi, shows how to read the re-municipalization cases, and lays out seven decision axes for municipal staff. Two F…
PFI Guideline 2025 Revision Explained — Three Pillars on Price Adjustment and Private-Sector Proposals
…FI Act amendment (target facility expansion, concession simplification, designated administrator coordination) June 3, 2024 2024 guideline revision (in coordination with the 2024 Action Plan…
How to Brief the Assembly — Explanation Templates and Anticipated Questions for PPP/PFI Adoption
…ong-term public property lending or transfer Concession project implementation : Assembly resolution is required for public facility operating rights establishment Even at stages without leg…
Optimal PPP/PFI Method Selection by Municipality Size — From Under 50,000 to Designated Cities
…chool reuse; flexible condition design Small Concession Good Suited for idle public property under ¥1 billion Park-PFI Fair Cases exist in municipalities of 20,000, but revenue viability is …
PFI Act Amendment Trends — Key Points of the 2024 Revision and Impact on Municipalities
…ndwork for public facility operating rights (concession) system 2011 Concession system creation , private proposal system introduction 2013 Establishment of the PFI Promotion Corporation 201…
PPP/PFI FAQ for Private Sector Operators — Entry, Procedures, and Risk Questions Answered
…ajectory. In particular, the growth of small concessions and Park-PFI projects is opening entry opportunities for operators beyond major construction firms. Q2. Where can PPP/PFI project inf…
Public Asset Management FAQ for Municipal Officials — 30 Essential Questions Answered
…ating facilities in urban parks Medium Small Concession Operating rights for small-scale idle public property Under ¥1 billion PFI Act (BTO/BOT/BOO) Facility development and operation using …
Three Types of Sounding — Market, Pre, and Trial: How to Use Each【2026 Edition】
…mmend sounding as part of Park-PFI and Small Concession implementation. The Park-PFI Utilization Guidelines include detailed sounding implementation procedures . Why Sounding Is Necessary A …
PFI Act vs Park-PFI — Comparing Legal Basis, SPCs, and Project Terms【2026 Edition】
…bandoned schools and aging public buildings. Concession (Operating Rights) : The government grants public facility operating rights to a private operator, who then operates the facility and …
Small Concession vs Park-PFI — A Deep Dive into the Differences【2026 Edition】
Differences in Legal Basis Treating Small Concession and Park-PFI simply as "two PPP tools" risks missing their fundamental structural differences. The legal basis is the starting point. Sma…
READING GUIDE
Choose a starting point.
Follow a short route through the basics, examples and practical steps. Community groups, researchers and students are welcome.
ROUTE 01
For municipal planning
Start with the basics, then move through cases, process and dialogue design.
- What Is Public Facility Management? Challenges, Concepts, and Next Steps
- Sapporo Yurigahara Park Park-PFI LiLiLi — Sapporo's First Case, Community-Led SPV Park Operation
- The Complete Park-PFI Process — A Four-Year Roadmap from Concept to Opening [2026 Edition]
- Market Sounding for PPP: 8-Item Question Template and Step-by-Step Guide
ROUTE 02
For prospective operators
Understand the system, test viability and prepare a proposal.
- What Is a Small Concession? A Complete Guide for Local Government Officials [2026 Edition]
- Higashi Yuenchi URBAN PICNIC — Kobe Sannomiya Redevelopment and Park-PFI After 8 Years of Citizen-Led Social Experiments
- How to Build a Park-PFI Revenue Plan — With Simulation Template [2026 Edition]
- How to Write a Park-PFI Proposal — Working Backward from the Scoring Criteria [2026 Edition]
ROUTE 03
Learn from setbacks
See how projects stall and which conditions to avoid.
- Abandoned School Reuse Failures — Why Repurposed Schools Become Idle Again: Structural Causes of Withdrawal and Business Collapse
- 5 Patterns of Park-PFI Project Failure — Structural Analysis of Contract Termination, Financial Deterioration, and Resident Opposition
- The Zero-Response Sounding Problem — 5 Reasons Private Operators Don't Participate and How to Fix It