JOURNAL
Look up public asset reuse.
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How to Brief the Assembly — Explanation Templates and Anticipated Questions for PPP/PFI Adoption
… facility type and expected user fee income. Park-PFI may be an option for urban parks, and small concessions for idle facilities Responsible department and planning team 5 Choose a facility…
Optimal PPP/PFI Method Selection by Municipality Size — From Under 50,000 to Designated Cities
…ed for idle public property under ¥1 billion Park-PFI Fair Cases exist in municipalities of 20,000, but revenue viability is challenging PFI Act Poor Project and procedural costs yield unfav…
PFI Act Amendment Trends — Key Points of the 2024 Revision and Impact on Municipalities
… facility type and expected user fee income. Park-PFI may be an option for urban parks, and small concessions for idle facilities Responsible department and planning team 5 Choose a facility…
PPP/PFI FAQ for Private Sector Operators — Entry, Procedures, and Risk Questions Answered
…ticular, the growth of small concessions and Park-PFI projects is opening entry opportunities for operators beyond major construction firms. Q2. Where can PPP/PFI project information be obta…
Public Asset Management FAQ for Municipal Officials — 30 Essential Questions Answered
…utsourcing of multiple services Small–Medium Park-PFI Revenue-generating facilities in urban parks Medium Small Concession Operating rights for small-scale idle public property Under ¥1 bill…
Three Types of Sounding — Market, Pre, and Trial: How to Use Each【2026 Edition】
…Cabinet Office recommend sounding as part of Park-PFI and Small Concession implementation. The Park-PFI Utilization Guidelines include detailed sounding implementation procedures . Why Sound…
PFI Act vs Park-PFI — Comparing Legal Basis, SPCs, and Project Terms【2026 Edition】
…s to PFI adoption by smaller municipalities. Park-PFI Structure Revisited Park-PFI is established under Articles 5-2 through 5-9 of the Urban Park Act. In exchange for an installation permit…
Small Concession vs Park-PFI — A Deep Dive into the Differences【2026 Edition】
…in Legal Basis Treating Small Concession and Park-PFI simply as "two PPP tools" risks missing their fundamental structural differences. The legal basis is the starting point. Small Concessio…
How to Write a Park-PFI Proposal — Working Backward from the Scoring Criteria [2026 Edition]
… from cited statistics and case expenditure. Park-PFI (Certified Establishment and Management System) proposal evaluation typically combines qualitative scoring (proposal review) and quantit…
How to Build a Park-PFI Revenue Plan — With Simulation Template [2026 Edition]
…rom cited statistics and case expenditure. A Park-PFI (Certified Establishment and Management System) financial plan presents the complete picture of the project's cash flows over 20 years. …
Direct Operation vs. Private Outsourcing — A Comparison Framework [2026 Edition]
…ons of the Designated Manager System and the Park-PFI Alternative . The Four-Axis Comparison Framework When comparing direct operation and private outsourcing, four dimensions provide a syst…
Financing Public Asset Revitalization — From Green Bonds to SIBs and Hometown Tax
… facility type and expected user fee income. Park-PFI may be an option for urban parks, and small concessions for idle facilities Responsible department and planning team 5 Choose a facility…
READING GUIDE
Choose a starting point.
Follow a short route through the basics, examples and practical steps. Community groups, researchers and students are welcome.
ROUTE 01
For municipal planning
Start with the basics, then move through cases, process and dialogue design.
- What Is Public Facility Management? Challenges, Concepts, and Next Steps
- Sapporo Yurigahara Park Park-PFI LiLiLi — Sapporo's First Case, Community-Led SPV Park Operation
- The Complete Park-PFI Process — A Four-Year Roadmap from Concept to Opening [2026 Edition]
- Market Sounding for PPP: 8-Item Question Template and Step-by-Step Guide
ROUTE 02
For prospective operators
Understand the system, test viability and prepare a proposal.
- What Is a Small Concession? A Complete Guide for Local Government Officials [2026 Edition]
- Higashi Yuenchi URBAN PICNIC — Kobe Sannomiya Redevelopment and Park-PFI After 8 Years of Citizen-Led Social Experiments
- How to Build a Park-PFI Revenue Plan — With Simulation Template [2026 Edition]
- How to Write a Park-PFI Proposal — Working Backward from the Scoring Criteria [2026 Edition]
ROUTE 03
Learn from setbacks
See how projects stall and which conditions to avoid.
- Abandoned School Reuse Failures — Why Repurposed Schools Become Idle Again: Structural Causes of Withdrawal and Business Collapse
- 5 Patterns of Park-PFI Project Failure — Structural Analysis of Contract Termination, Financial Deterioration, and Resident Opposition
- The Zero-Response Sounding Problem — 5 Reasons Private Operators Don't Participate and How to Fix It