JOURNAL
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Closed Schools × Community Exchange Hubs — Operating Models for Composite Community Facilities
…nity Hubs Schools were originally the center of community life. Entrance ceremonies, graduation ceremonies, sports days, cultural festivals — events held at schools are deeply embedded in re…
PPP Contract Design After COVID — New Standards for Force Majeure and Demand Risk Clauses
… Exposed by COVID In 2020, the global spread of COVID-19 shattered the foundational assumptions of PPP/PFI projects. Airport concession operations suffered the most severe impact. According …
Closed Schools × Childcare (Nurseries & After-School): Floor-Area Standards, Grant Shares, and Cases from Mihara, Saikai and Yokkaichi
…ural facilities at 1,206, these are an order of magnitude smaller. Conversion for children remains a thin field. Before turning classrooms into nursery rooms or an after-school club, check t…
Closed Schools × IT & Coworking: Ten Cases from the MEXT Casebook, Zoning and Urbanization Control Areas, Trial Satellite Offices and Grants
… to Check Before Using a Closed School as an Office MEXT's survey counts the uses of closed schools that are in use. Business and start-up support facilities number 1,207: 1,138 facilities o…
Closed Schools × Tourism & Lodging: Inn Permits, Zoning and Fire Rules, Farm-Stay Grants, and Six Cases from the MEXT Casebook
…om FY2004 through FY2023, a cumulative total of 8,850 schools were closed, with 74.4% of existing facilities now in active use . The survey's table of main uses has no category for lodging, …
Anjo City × Deloitte Tohmatsu — Legal Constraints and Scheme Design for a Historic Park Kominka
Overview of Honshoji Temple and Former Kamiya Residence > Unit costs and amounts in financial examples without a cited source are illustrative assumptions , not statistically established mar…
Munakata City's Former Oshima Gakuen — Reusing a Closed School on a World Heritage Island
…re, sits in the Genkai Sea with a population of approximately 600. Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2017 as "Sacred Island of Okinoshima and Associated Sites in the Munakata Regi…
Small Concession Financing — What Municipalities Paid in the Handbook's Cases, the Caps on the Two Study-Cost Subsidies, and the Interest Subsidy Rate and Term
The guidebook issued by MLIT and the Cabinet Office in May 2026 says that when the municipality carries the cost of major repairs at the start of or during the project, the scale of financin…
Small Concession Latest Trends [2026 Edition] — One Year of the Platform: Achievements and Challenges
…central infrastructure supporting the spread of Small Concession — was established in December 2024 by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. In December 2025, it reach…
Traditional Townhouses and Small Concessions — Why 4 of 7 Projects Involve Kominka [2026 Edition]
Why Traditional Townhouses Dominate Of the seven municipalities selected for FY2025, four involve traditional townhouses or historic buildings as target facilities — outnumbering closed scho…
Abandoned School Welfare Facility Conversion and Community Meetings — How to Address NIMBY Issues [2026 Edition]
…kyard", refers to the attitude and behaviour of residents who accept that a facility is needed in society, yet oppose its placement near where they live. In welfare conversions of closed sch…
Property Disposal of Closed Schools: When No Procedure Is Needed, Disposals Settled by Report, Treasury Payments and Funds, and Documents and Filing Times
…erator, transferred or demolished. Doing any of these within the disposal restriction period generally needs the property disposal procedure. The procedure is set out in MEXT's Notice on App…
READING GUIDE
Choose a starting point.
Follow a short route through the basics, examples and practical steps. Community groups, researchers and students are welcome.
ROUTE 01
For municipal planning
Start with the basics, then move through cases, process and dialogue design.
- What Is Public Facility Management? Challenges, Concepts, and Next Steps
- Sapporo Yurigahara Park Park-PFI LiLiLi — Sapporo's First Case, Community-Led SPV Park Operation
- The Complete Park-PFI Process — A Four-Year Roadmap from Concept to Opening [2026 Edition]
- Market Sounding for PPP: 8-Item Question Template and Step-by-Step Guide
ROUTE 02
For prospective operators
Understand the system, test viability and prepare a proposal.
- What Is a Small Concession? A Complete Guide for Local Government Officials [2026 Edition]
- Higashi Yuenchi URBAN PICNIC — Kobe Sannomiya Redevelopment and Park-PFI After 8 Years of Citizen-Led Social Experiments
- How to Build a Park-PFI Revenue Plan — With Simulation Template [2026 Edition]
- How to Write a Park-PFI Proposal — Working Backward from the Scoring Criteria [2026 Edition]
ROUTE 03
Learn from setbacks
See how projects stall and which conditions to avoid.
- Abandoned School Reuse Failures — Why Repurposed Schools Become Idle Again: Structural Causes of Withdrawal and Business Collapse
- 5 Patterns of Park-PFI Project Failure — Structural Analysis of Contract Termination, Financial Deterioration, and Resident Opposition
- The Zero-Response Sounding Problem — 5 Reasons Private Operators Don't Participate and How to Fix It